{"product_id":"the-end-of-enlightenment-empire-commerce-crisis","title":"The End of Enlightenment: Empire, Commerce, Crisis","description":"\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eA landmark study of of one of the most controversial\nperiods in history, from an eminent historian\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nThe Enlightenment is popularly seen as the Age of Reason, a key moment in human\nhistory when ideals such as freedom, progress, natural rights and\nconstitutional government prevailed. In this radical re-evaluation, historian\nRichard Whatmore shows why, for many at its center, the Enlightenment was a\nprofound failure.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nBy the early eighteenth century, hope was widespread that Enlightenment could\nbe coupled with toleration, the progress of commerce and the end of the fanatic\nwars of religion that were destroying Europe. At its heart was the battle to\nestablish and maintain liberty in free states – and the hope that absolute\nmonarchies such as France and free states like Britain might even subsist\ntogether, equally respectful of civil liberties. Yet all of this collapsed when\nstates pursued wealth and empire by means of war. Xenophobia was rife and\nliberty itself turned fanatic.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ci\u003eThe End of Enlightenment\u003c\/i\u003e traces the changing perspectives of\neconomists, philosophers, politicians and polemicists around the world,\nincluding figures as diverse as David Hume, Adam Smith, Edmund Burke and Mary\nWollstonecraft. They had strived to replace superstition with reason, but\nwitnessed instead terror and revolution, corruption, gross commercial excess\nand the continued growth of violent colonialism.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nReturning us to these tumultuous events and ideas, and digging deep into the\nthought of the men and women who defined their age, Whatmore offers a lucid\nexploration of disillusion and intellectual transformation, a brilliant\nmeditation on our continued assumptions about the past, and a glimpse of the\ndifferent ways our world might be structured - especially as the problems addressed\nat the end of Enlightenment are still with us today.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eRichard Whatmore\u003c\/b\u003e is Professor of Modern History\nat the University of St Andrews and Co-Director of the Institute of\nIntellectual History. He is the author of several acclaimed contributions to\nintellectual history and eighteenth-century scholarship, including \u003ci\u003eThe\nHistory of Political Thought\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eTerrorists, Anarchists and\nRepublicans\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eAgainst War and Empire\u003c\/i\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"TIMES DISTRIBUTION PTE LTD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44826463764687,"sku":"9780141997704","price":34.88,"currency_code":"SGD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0574\/5662\/3823\/files\/download_5129775c-1e26-476c-bce2-e2ae2f8dd880.jpg?v=1770193186","url":"https:\/\/popular.baby\/products\/the-end-of-enlightenment-empire-commerce-crisis","provider":"Popular Book Company Pte Ltd","version":"1.0","type":"link"}